Breath-Holding Spells in Children: What Parents Need to Know
Breath-Holding Spells in Children: What Parents Need to Know
As a parent, few things are more frightening than watching your child suddenly stop breathing, turn pale or blue, and even faint. These episodes are called breath-holding spells—and while they look alarming, they are usually not dangerous. Understanding what’s happening can help you respond calmly and confidently.
What Are Breath-Holding Spells?
Breath-holding spells are short episodes where a child briefly stops breathing, often after crying hard, being startled, or feeling upset. They usually happen in children between 6 months and 6 years old.
Importantly, breath-holding spells are not intentional. Children don’t choose to hold their breath; it’s an automatic reflex triggered by their nervous system.
The Two Main Types of Breath-Holding Spells
Cyanotic spells
Usually triggered by frustration or anger.
The child cries, exhales, and then stops breathing.
They may turn bluish around the lips and face.
Pallid spells
Usually triggered by pain or fright.
The child suddenly becomes very pale.
They may briefly lose consciousness.
Both types typically last less than a minute, though they can feel like forever in the moment.
Why Do They Happen?
The exact cause isn’t fully understood, but doctors believe breath-holding spells are linked to how the brain and nervous system regulate breathing and heart rate.
Some children who experience frequent spells may also have low iron levels (anemia), which can increase the likelihood of episodes. If your child has recurrent spells, your pediatrician may recommend checking iron levels.
What To Do During a Spell
The best response is calm, gentle care.
Stay calm: Most spells end quickly and don’t harm your child.
Lay them safely down: Place your child on their side or back to prevent injury in case of fainting.
Don’t shake or splash water: These actions don’t help and can make things worse.
Observe closely: Note how long the episode lasts and what triggered it.
Children usually recover on their own and return to normal behavior within minutes.
When To Call the Doctor
While most breath-holding spells are harmless, it’s important to involve your pediatrician. Seek medical care if:
The spell lasts longer than one minute.
Your child has unusual movements, like seizures.
They remain unresponsive or have trouble recovering.
You’re unsure whether it was a breath-holding spell.
The Good News
Although these episodes can be terrifying for parents, breath-holding spells are not dangerous long-term. Most children outgrow them by the age of 5 or 6. With proper reassurance and support, you can handle these moments safely while your child grows past this phase.
